carman



(No Model.)

7 m m M R m L m N0.v 551,304. Patented Dec. 10, 1895.

ANNIE S GRAHAM.PNUTO-UYNQWASHKNGTOKDC (No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 2. C.L. OARMAN.

JAW STONE GRUSHER. No. 551,304. Patented Dec. 10, 1895.

I (No Model.) I 7 Sheets-Sheet 4.

U. L. UARMAN.

JAW STONE URUSHER. No. 551,304. Patented Dec. 10, 1895.

' (N Modem 7 Sheets-Sheet 5.

O. L. OARMA N.

JAW STONE GRUSHER. I No. 551,304. Patented Dec. '10, .1895.

numulllllllfllllllllilifl 7% as e l (No Model.) 'z Sheets-Sheet s. C. L.CARMAN. JAW STONE URUSHER. No. 551,304. Patented Dec. 10, 1895'.

fink/11 02 ANDREW LGRANAMPMOYQWQWENINGYUN 12 CV (No Model.)

7 Sheets-Sheet 7. G. L. GARMAN. JAW STONE GRUSHBR.

Patented Dec. 10, 1895.

ANDSEW IIIMMM. HUTU-L'THQVIhSMNBYUlO C.

U ITED STATES PATENT Orrrcn.

CHARLES LEWIS CARMAN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSlGNOR TO THE GATES IRONIVORKS, OF SAME PLACE.

JAW STONE-CRUSHER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 551,304, dated December10, 1895.

Application filed May 15, 1894. Serial No. 511,346. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, CHARLES LEWIS CAR- MAN, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State ofIllinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in J awStone-Crushers; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame.

My invention relates to that class of rock or ore breakers in whichthere is one stationary jaw, forming a portion of the main frame, andone swinging or vibrating jaw pivoted in the main frame and caused toapproach and recede from the stationary jaw to crush the materialbetween them and to allow it to escape when crushed to the de sireddegree of fineness, the faces of the jaws presenting to each other asuitable angle, the distance between them being considerably less at thebottom than at the top,as is the common form of construction for suchcrushers.

The present improvements have relation to the mechanism employed toactuate the swinging jaw and to details of construction, whereby thestress incidental to the crushing of the material between the jaws isprevented from coming upon the main frame directly, as in most cases,and the machine may be made more compact and be more cheaplyconstructed.

Reference is had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is aside elevation of the crusher with one iiy-wheel removed and constructedaccording to my invention. Fig. 2 is atop plan View of the same. Fig. 3is a rear elevation. Fig. 4. is a vertical longitudinal section of themachine. Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical section on the line 5a m ofFigs. 1 and Fig. 6 is a diagrammatical View illustratin g thethree-membered toggle when the crank is at the upward limit of itsmovement. Fig. 7 is the same at one-quarter revolution of the crank tothe front. Fig. Sis when the crank is at its lowest point. Fig. 9 iswhen it is a quarter of a revolution to the rear. Fig. 10 is adiagrammatical view showing the path of the toggle end in connectionwith the rest of the three-membered toggle.

The main frame A is formed as shown with the stationary jaw A integraltherewith, by which the two side portions are connected and 5 5 held inposition. The side portions of the main frame are also connected at therear end at the bottom by cross-bar A the specific purpose of which willhereinafter be more clearly set forth. Near the center of the mainframe, at or near its top, are pro vided two bearings A for the pivotedshaft 13 of the swinging jaw B. These bearings A are provided withbushings A, having means A for oiling, substantially as shown. Thesebushings A have their outer ends made solid, and the ends of the shaft Bbear against the inner faces of the respective solid ends of thebushings, preventing lateral movement of the shaft, and as the bushingsA are held rigidly by the bearingcaps A, secured by bolts A the shaft Bis free to oscillate or rock with the swinging jaw B, but is preventedfrom acquiring a vertical motion which is incidental to the rollingaction of the round portion of the material to be crushed between thejaws.

At the rear of the main frame A and somewhat above the cross-bar A areformed two bearings A for the crank C. These are ordinary bearingsprovided with suitable caps, bolts, and lubricating devices, in theusual manner. The front portion A" of the main frame A is provided onits inner side with a liner or crushing-plate a, of suitable material,to resist the abrading action of the material being crushed, and issupported .by lugs a" and prevented from rising by lugs a? and heldfirmly against the face of jaw A by the wearing-plates D, which arewedge-shaped and placed on each side of the main frame A, on the inside,and their front edges D" bear against the plate a and their rear inneredges against strips A formed on the inner side of the main frame A andprojecting inwardly, and suitably located to form an abutment or hearingfor the wearing-plates D.

The wearing-plates D have their front edges D beveled to conform to theend corrugations on the face of the liner 0, where they come in contacttherewith, and are thus held in contact with the inner faces of the mainframe A. The rear edges of the wearing-plates D have strips D of aboutone-third of the thickness of the plates, extending midway their entirelength, respectively. These strips D form the bearings of the plates D,respectively, against the strips A", formed on the main frame A, andform, also, seats for the gibheaded bolts D (see Fi g. 1) that passthrough the main frame A and hold the rear of the wearing-plates D incontact with the main frame A. By slightly loosening the nuts D on thebolts D the wearing-plates D may be removed or forced down to morefirmly seat the liners a.

In the lower portion of the stationary jaw A is formed an eye G for thereception of the shaft G, as will be hereinafter more clearly set forth.

Swinging jaw B is provided at its upper end with an eye, in which thepivot-shaft B is inserted, and also an opening B, in which. the key B isplaced and engages with the shaft B at a point about midway of itslength, where a transverse groove B is cut in the shaft B to receive it.This key prevents the swinging jaw B from swinging or oscillating on theshaft B and causes said shaft to move with the swinging jaw and to swingand oscillate in the bushing A. This key B" also prevents any transversemotion of the swinging jaw in the frame A. The swinging jaw B is alsoprovided with a liner or crusher-face b, which is supported by anextension or lug B whose upper surface is slightly inclined downward andto the rear, forming a dovetail to receive the liner Z), whose loweredge is formed with a suitable angle to fit the lug 3 The liner Z) isheld down and against the front face of the swinging jaw B by two boltsB, having wedge-shaped heads B, that pass through the swinging jaw B inholes B, and whose wedge-shaped heads bear against two suitable lugs Bof said jaw B, thus firmly securing liner I), being slightly angular inrelation to the face of the swinging jaw B, as it is intended to bereversed so as to present a new corner If in place of Z), as thegreatest wear takes place at the lower end of the liner 1 I), where itis in the closest proximity to liner a.

The swinging jaw B is formed with a flat surface on the side opposite tothat upon which the liner 1] is placed, and this surface is locatedsomewhat below the center of the '1'. and the sliding wedge-block B andthereby change the distance between the liners Z) and a.

At its outer edge the swinging jaw B is provided with ribs or flanges13, extending rearwardly, as shown, and having slightly-inclined groovesor recesses B in each, on the inside, to receive and support thewedgeblock B Near the lower end of the swinging jaw B is a loop or eyeB, into which the rod E is hooked or otherwise secured. This rod Eextends rearwardly and passes through an opening A provided for it inthe center of the cross-bar A and has mounted upon it a spring E,preferably of rubber, and a followerwasher E and has finally mountedupon its extremity two winged nuts E and E for producing a tension onspring E sufficient to return the swinging jaw B when the forwardmovement has beenaccomplished and also retain the toggle-plate F of theactuating mechanism in its seat, this being the best method ofaccomplishing this end.

The mechanism for actuating the swinging jaw B is composed of athree-membered toggle, formed of the toggle-plate F, the pitman G andthe tension-bars H. The toggle-plate F has its ends in the form ofsemicircles, which are hardened to prevent wear, and operate in thetoggleseats F and F which are of suitable material provided for them inthe wedge-block B and pitman G respectively.

The pitman G has an eye or hole in its upper end for the reception ofthe shaft G, and is provided with a semidovetail recess, into which thetoggle-seat F is fitted and is held by set-screws G as shown in thedrawings, and the lower end of the pitman has an opening through whichpasses the crank-shaft O, the upper portion G of this opening G formingthe upper half of the bearing for the crank-shaft O. The lower portionis enlarged and incloses a movable half-box G which forms the lowerportion of the bearing for the crank O.

The half-box G is held in position by setsorews G and is adjustable.This crankshaft G, as shown in Fig. 5, has its crank portion G passedthrough the pitman, so that as the shaft revolves the pitman is raisedand lowered by the said crank portion. The part of the pitman G that isin a straight line between the center of the shaft G and the toggle-seatF forms one member of the toggle combination, the toggle-plate forms thesecond, and the tension-bars form the third, as shown and specifiedhereinbefore, the latter connecting the shaft G to the shaft G" thatpasses through the opening G in the front of the main frameA, as shown.These The wedge-block and jaw are preferably located as shown in thedrawings, but they can be located on the front face of the pitman G toreceive the toggle seat F or they may be located on the front end of themachine on the lower portion of the stationary jaw on the wedge-blockformed to receive and form a journal-bearing for the shaft G but in thelatter case the adjustment made would change the inclination of thepitinan relatively to the rest of the toggle mechanism and therebychange the throw. The objection to placing it on the front of the pitmanwould be that it would increase the distance between the center of theshaft G and the toggle-seat F thereby changing the relation of the partsand the angularity of the toggle -plate F, and thus change the amount ofthrow at every adjustment.

The rotation of the crank-shaft C is continuous, and the pitman and itsassociated mechanism are actuated thereby, and from the highest point towhich it may be raised, viz., that shown by Fig. at and diagrammaticalview, Fig. 0, it is lowered the full throw of the cranked portion G ofthe crankshaft O, as will be seen by reference to diagrammatical view,Fig. 8. At this point it begins to rise until it has again obtained theposition delineated in Figs. i, 6, and 10 and so on continually as longas the crankshaft may be rotated, passing through the positions shown indiagrammatical views, Figs. 7 and 9, in its rotation.

The end of the pitman being journaled on the shaft G, which is securedto the tension bars 11, it vibrates through the arc of a circle whoseradii are coincident with the length of the tension-bars H, from thecenter of the shaft G to the center of the shaft G. The lower end of thepitman, of course, follows the crank portion G of the crank-shaft 0throughout the cycle of its revolution. Any other point on the pitmanpal-takes of either one or the other of these two motions, or acombination of both, corresponding to its location in relation to eitherof the two points named. The more closely it is located to either themore closely it describes the same path.

It will be noted that the toggle-seat F is located on the pitmansomewhat below a straight line drawn from center to center of the shaftsG and G coincident with the center of the tension-bars If.

It will be observed that the crank-shaft 0 causes the lower end of thepitman to vibrate forward and backward as it revolves, which movementresults in the movement of the toggleseat F in the arc of a circle whoseradius is struck from the center of the shaft G. Owing to the fact thatthe crank-shaft swings the pitman to the position shown bydiagrammatical views, Figs. '7 and 9, this vibratory motion is inaddition to and acts simultaneously and in combination with the verticalvibration of the shaft G, and the path described by the center of thetoggle-seat F will be understood by reference to dia grammatical view,Fig. 10. 1

It will be noted that when the pitman is at its highest point, as shownby Figs. 4: and 6, the movable jaw B and its connections are being swungtoward the stationary jaw and the adjacent faces of the two are in thegreatest pi'oximity that they will attain without further adjustment ofthe wedge-block. This forward swinging movement of the movable jaw B isaccomplished by the upward movement of the pitman by means of the crank,thereby nearly straightening the three-membered toggle or bringingnearly into coincidence the center lines of the tension-bars H from thecenter of the shaft G to the center of the shaft G and the center lineof the toggle-plate F. 1 If it were considered desirable the abovecenter line could be made by changing the location of the toggle-seat onthe pitman and wedge to exactly coincide or come onto the center, as itis commonly called, with the other members of the three-membered togglejust described. The reason for not so locating the toggle-seat is this:that it would require a crank of greater throw to actuate the swingingjaw sufficiently. This not being considered the most desirable method ofaccomplishing this end, a slight angle is introduced between the membersof the toggle in order to impart the requisite amount of motion to theswinging j awB with out unduly increasing the size and throw of theshaft. By reference to diagrammatical view, Fig. 10, the motion andcomposition of the three-membered toggle will be readily understood, thecenter line between the center of the toggle-seat F and the center ofthe shaftG being indicated by the letter a", all other parts having thesame letters as in the main drawings.

WVhen the forward motion of the swinging jaw B is completed by thetoggle and the pitman, the latter descends, as shown in Figs. 7, S, 9,and 10, and the parts all present to each other a greater angle andthereby decrease the distance between the center of the toggle-seat Fand the center of the shaft G, this allowing the spring E by means ofthe rod E, to withdraw the swinging jaw B and its wedge-block B andwedge 13 as fast as this angularity of the toggle takes place, and it isthis constant backward pressure of the swinging jaw, maintained by thespring and rod against that end of the toggle-plate F that is in contactwith toggle-seat F, that keeps it seated in its two seats and increasesthe space between the adjacent faces of the swinging jaw B and thestationary jaw A.

It will be readily seen that the great resistance to the crushing of thematerial between the jaws is not brought upon the main frame A, but istaken almost wholly by the tensionbars H, thus allowing a much lighterframe to be used. The strain due to the initial break of the largepieces of material placed between the top of the jaws falls to a certaindegree upon the frame at the top between the top of the plate a and thepivot-bearing A so that, therefore, a large rib is formed on the frameat these points to sustain the strain, but this rib may be eliminatedand the common method of passing a bolt through suitably-cored holes inthe frame substituted to receive the tensile stress.

The sliding wedge-block 13 is adapted to be moved to or from the seat ofthe Wedge B by sliding in the groove B in the flanges B of the swingingjaw B, by the interposition of more or less of the wedge B as the casemay be, thus changing the distance between the crushing-faces of thejaws to and Z). The crank-shaft is journaled in the main frame A in theordinary manner, and has mounted upon it a suitable fiy-wheel anddriving-pulley by which it may be rotated from any power.

I have described in detail the several parts of the machine, but all,except the mechanism for operating and adjusting the swing ing jaw, maybe substituted by any analogous devices which would accomplishsubstantially the same object.

It will be observed that the toggleblock and adjusting-wedge are mountedon the back of the swinging jaw. This I regard a great advantage, as byit I am enabled to shorten the main frame of the machine about one-halfover existing constructions, which of course greatly cheapens themachine. The difference between the weights of the main frames of thetwo constructions would be about four thousand five hundred pounds to myadvantage.

\Vhat I claim as my invention is 1. The combination in a rock and orebreaker, having a movable and stationary crushing jaw, of a movablecrushing jaw, and an adjustable wedge, an adj ustable wedge block uponthe rear face of which is formed a toggle seat, all mounted and adjustably secured to the rear surface of the said movable crushing jaw,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination in a rock and ore breaker having a movable and astationary crushing jaw, of a movable crushing jaw carrying upon itsrear surface an adjustable wedge and wedge block, and a three memberedtoggle, composed of outside tension bars having respectively one oftheir ends pivoted in a bearing in the front of the main frame andextending rearwardly to, and having their other ends suitably journaledin a pitman adapted to be actuated by a rotary crank, and having atoggle seat upon its face adjacent to the movable'crushing jaw, and thatportion of the pitman lying between the said journal for tension barsand said toggle seat, and a toggle plate having one of its ends seatedin the toggle seat on the pitman, and the other seated in the toggleseat in the wedge block, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combinationv in a rock and ore breaker having a movable and astationary crushing jaw, of a three membered toggle composed of outsidetension bars pivoted to the front of the main frame and extending to therear where they are journaled in. the actuating pitman, that portion ofthe actuating pitman lying between the said journal for the tension barsand a toggle seat formed on that face of the pitman adjacent to themovable crushing jaw, and a toggle plate having one of its ends seatedin said toggle seat on the front of the actuating pitman and the otherend seated in the wedge block at the rear of the movable crushing jaw,and a movable crushing jaw adapted to be vibrated by the action of thesaid three membered toggle and located and pivoted in the main frame ofthe machine, between the pivot of the tension bars in front and theactuating pitman in the rear, substantially as and for the purpose setforth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES LENIS CARMAN.

YVitnesses:

JOHN J. BREwIs, WV. R. TALBOT.

